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MCSA Managing a Windows 2000 Network Environment Active Directory Structure

by Neil Quinn

This chapter covers the physical and logical structure of Active Index deployment scenarios , as well as a fundamental understanding of the uses of each level of grouping in the centralised administration over widely distributed resources.

Terms you'll need to understand:

Active Directory

Domain controller

Trust

Organizational unit

Global catalog

FSMO roles

Domain

Tree

Forest

Site

Bridgehead server

Strategies you'll have to master:

Describing the goal of the <a href="http://www.ready4exam.com/certification/MCSA-2003-46.html">Windows 2000</a> Active Directory world catalog

Identifying the FSMO roles and their basic purposes

Spotting the different types of trusts including one- and two-way along with transitive and nontransitive trusts

Identifying the levels of administrative grouping, including organizational units, domains, trees, and forests

Windows 2000 employs a decentralized database in which all security elements like users, computers, and printers are registered so as to provide concentrated access and management of resources inside a distributed network environment. This database is called the Active Catalog.

This chapter covers the physical and logical structure of Active Directory deployment eventualities alongside a basic understanding of the uses of each level of grouping in the focused administration over widely distributed resources.

Active Catalog Structure Overview

Users of Windows NT and earlier operating systems may be acquainted with the concept of a P2P network of computers, often referred to as a workgroup. In a workgroup, each computer maintains its own list of users and the access to local resources granted to each. None of the systems in this configuration provide administration over the wholeâ€"all act as equals (peers). Though this may work for up to 5 or 10 PCs, the Problems of administration, configuration, and deployment of systems in larger configurations mandate some kind of concentrated administration and coordination.

Domain Controllers

In Windows NT, the idea of the domain was introduced. A domain is a grouping of resources including computers, printers, groups, and users that are maintained in a centralized database of resources located on a supervisory machine called a domain controller (DC). In Windows NT, all updates to this database took place within one domain controller delegated as the number one domain controller (PDC), with all of the other domain controller servers designated as backup domain controllers (BDCs). The backup domain controllers receive updates to their local copy of the listing from the most important domain controller on a consistent schedule.

In order to provide support for larger-scale deployments in which the security elements (like users) in one domain may be granted access to resources found in another domain, multiple domains can be joined thru a connection called a trust. Trusts will be covered in more detail later in this chapter in the section titled "Trusts."

The limitation of the NT domain system was that all updates to the database had to happen on the most important domain controller, and only then would be propagated out to all backup domain controllers on the following booked update cycle. This can cause serious delays before changes are propagated to all remote backup domain controllers, and may forestall changes outright if a network connection to the number one domain controller is unavailable. Additionally, the method might be somewhat bandwidth-intensive if a full-domain synchronization of domain controllers is implemented, as the most important domain controller must update the local copy of the domain database on all backup domain controllers across the domain. This will turn out to be a rather serious bottleneck when a deployment is distributed over a large number of servers or a broad geographic area.



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New Unique Article!

Title: MCSA Managing a Windows 2000 Network Environment Active Directory Structure
Author: Neil Quinn
Email: dirasu.786282.0@articlesamurai.com
Keywords: IT Certification,MCSA
Word Count: 588
Category: Computer Certification
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